Discrete fractional Fourier transform is an extension of Fourier transform with an additional order parameter. It finds application in encryption of digital images. In the present paper the image is first divided into subimages. The cryptographic algorithm is applied independently to each subimage. It uses five keys made up of three fractional orders and two random phase masks for each of the subimage thereby increasing total number of keys used for the image as a whole. All these keys are necessary to properly decrypt the image. The proposed encryption scheme enhances data security and the net bits used in the image transmission are reduced.

In the modern day social media has become the most essential aspect in the modern society. These web based programmes help mellennials to interact in the society with their friends, family and even with strangers, which is why understanding internet is extremely important. As much as a good time they have on the internet they do get in trouble sometimes, where cyber security plays and important role. This paper aims on how the generation Y has to have a better understanding of the internet where they know what is good and bad for them, what is right or wrong for them. Having a good and protected environment on the web will help the youngsters to have a safe place to be in. Since internet’s instantaneous information, the broad reach of media influence makes it a glam space for generation Y, This research paper helps in explaining how social media is helping the young minds in their mind programming and how they have an impact over them, It also focuses on elaborating hoe o be safe on the web, keeping in mind all the instances which have had happened with youngsters on the internet.

Due to rapid increase in the population over the last year few decades, urbanization, industrial growth and rising in the living standards. The rate of generation of municipal solid waste in Indian cities and town have also accelerated. In India, the urban local bodies popularly known as the municipal councils are responsible for management of activities related to public health. The bodies are doing their best but are not able to achieve the desired target. We find variety of waste leading the city to more unhygienic and haphazard growth of urban area particularly in the last 20 years. Municipal solid waste is a part of solid waste, and the waste that arises from human and animal activities are solid so it is discarded as useless/unwanted. The purpose of this study is to identify the various types of municipal waste and their sources. The sole purpose of this study is:

Ø  To examine the physical and chemical composition of the municipal waste.

Ø  To consider in general terms, the elements involved in the management of waste.

Ø  Engineering aspects in the management of municipal solid waste.

Ø  Reuse and recovery of the material from the municipal solid waste.

There should be sustainable waste management strategies which are lagging behind. Present working model is PPP (public private partnership) to sustain the waste management so that the city appears cleaner and more hygienic. The paper aims to study the quantity and properties of municipal solid waste generated in municipality of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The MSW generated is heterogeneous; composition of waste varies from place to place. Study was conducted during year 2018-2019, 2019-2020 of study period at seven different zones in Aligarh. The study and suggestions take place on the information collected to improve current MSW scenario in Aligarh. The study shows that the average solid waste produced by Aligarh is 460 metric tons per day with per capita generation equals to 400 - 450 grams/day.